Zito
Luvumbo
RWAngola · RCD Mallorca
Player dossierLaLiga
ZitoLuvumbo
RWRight WingerAttack
- Club
- RCD Mallorca
- League
- LaLiga
- Nationality
- Angola
- Age
- 24
- Height
- 171 cm
- Foot
- Left
- Valued
- 5 Jun 2026
LaLigaReading the valuation
The market values Luvumbo at €3M. Model A, which never saw Luvumbo during training, estimates €3M: the market value is 2% below that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.02. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.7M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 52
- Minutes
- 2,694
- Goals
- 2
- Assists
- 4
- Started
- 30/52
- Min / app
- 52
- Cards
- 4Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Luvumbo…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €3M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers
Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)
Minutes, two years
Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.
2,694 this player2,242 attacker median61st percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €1M
- Oct 2020
- Peak
- €7.5M
- Jun 2024
- Model target
- €3M
- Jun 2026
- Valuations
- 15
- 4 club changes
Jun 2026: €3M, RCD Mallorca. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2020-10-29 | €1M | Cagliari Primavera |
| 2020-12-29 | €1M | Cagliari Primavera |
| 2021-06-03 | €1M | Cagliari Primavera |
| 2021-12-29 | €800k | Como 1907 |
| 2022-06-23 | €800k | Cagliari Primavera |
| 2022-12-22 | €1.2M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2023-06-12 | €2M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2023-10-11 | €5M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2023-12-20 | €6M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2024-06-05 | €7.5M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2024-12-18 | €7M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2025-03-25 | €5.5M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2025-06-17 | €5M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2025-12-23 | €3.5M | Cagliari Calcio |
| 2026-06-05 | €3M | RCD Mallorca |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- non-UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- −0.016
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M
Valued above 52% of the 1,583 attackers.
See them in the Explorer →Where Luvumbo appears
- TerminalLaLiga in the Player Explorer
- TerminalLaLiga on the League Landscape
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- AlabaCBReal Madrid · LaLiga€3M
- StegenGKGirona FC · LaLiga€3M
- VlachodimosGKSevilla FC · LaLiga€3M
- DarderCMRCD Mallorca · LaLiga€3M
- WelbeckCFBrighton & Hove Albion · attackers€3M
- SterlingRWFeyenoord Rotterdam · attackers€3M
- BrumaLWSL Benfica · attackers€3M
- SilvaCFElche CF · attackers€3M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).