FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Victor

Bak

LBDenmark · FC Midtjylland

№ 623772Established €6.2M −0.44

Player dossierSuperliga

VictorBak

LBLeft-BackDefender

Club
FC Midtjylland
League
Superliga
Nationality
Denmark
Age
22
Height
179 cm
Foot
Left
Valued
25 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Bak at €4M. Model A, which never saw Bak during training, estimates €6.2M: the market value is 35% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.55. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €9.3M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.44A €6.2M▼ −0.85B €9.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
61
Minutes
3,953
Goals
4
Assists
5
Started
42/61
Min / app
65
Cards
2Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Bak…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €4M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €4MModel A €6.2M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Victor Bak's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 84th, Assists per 90 81st, Minutes, two years 68th, Starts 25th, Minutes, last 365 days 83rd, European club minutes 96th84thGoals81stAssists68thMinutes25thStarts83rdRecent96thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

32% this player0% defender median96th percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●85%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€50k
Aug 2021
Peak
€4M
May 2026
Model target
€4M
May 2026
Valuations
11
4 club changes
May 2026€4MFC MidtjyllandValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €4M, FC Midtjylland. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2021-08-01€50kFC Midtjylland
2021-12-28€50kFC Midtjylland
2022-06-20€150kFC Midtjylland
2022-12-22€150kHobro IK
2023-06-26€300kFC Midtjylland
2023-12-14€600kCD Mafra
2024-06-10€750kFC Midtjylland
2024-12-09€750kFC Midtjylland
2025-06-16€1.5MFC Midtjylland
2025-12-15€3MFC Midtjylland
2026-05-25€4MFC Midtjylland

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.436

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Superliga256 players · median €800k

Valued above 89% of the 256 Superliga players.

€20k€150k€1M€7.5M€4MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 65% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€4MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Bak appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).