FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

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Portrait of Jeremie Frimpong

Jeremie

Frimpong

RBNetherlands · Liverpool FC

№ 484547World Class €26.5M +0.28

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierPremier League

JeremieFrimpong

RBRight-BackDefender

Club
Liverpool FC
League
Premier League
Nationality
Netherlands
Age
25
Height
172 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
3 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Frimpong at €35M. Model A, which never saw Frimpong during training, estimates €26.5M: the market value is 32% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.32. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €31.9M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.28A €26.5M▲ +0.09B €31.9M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
83
Minutes
5,251
Goals
7
Assists
14
Started
60/83
Min / app
63
Cards
8Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Frimpong…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €35M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €35MModel A €26.5M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Jeremie Frimpong's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 92nd, Assists per 90 98th, Minutes, two years 86th, Starts 30th, Minutes, last 365 days 54th, European club minutes 89th92ndGoals98thAssists86thMinutes30thStarts54thRecent89thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.24 this player0.04 defender median98th percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.58

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Sept 2019
Peak
€50M
Dec 2023
Model target
€35M
Jun 2026
Valuations
23
2 club changes
Jun 2026€35MLiverpool FCValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €35M, Liverpool FC. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2019-09-14€100kCeltic FC
2020-02-05€1.5MCeltic FC
2020-04-08€1.3MCeltic FC
2020-07-21€3MCeltic FC
2021-01-18€4MCeltic FC
2021-02-10€10MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2021-06-09€10MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2021-10-07€15MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2021-12-22€20MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2022-06-09€20MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2022-09-21€25MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2022-11-09€25MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2023-03-29€35MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2023-06-22€40MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2023-10-18€45MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2023-12-14€50MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2024-05-29€50MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2024-12-20€50MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2025-06-05€50MBayer 04 Leverkusen
2025-10-17€45MLiverpool FC
2025-12-09€38MLiverpool FC
2026-03-09€35MLiverpool FC
2026-06-03€35MLiverpool FC

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.280

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premier League555 players · median €18M

Valued above 79% of the 555 Premier League players.

€150k€1M€7.5M€50M€35MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 96% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€35MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Frimpong appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).