FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Aleksandar

Jovanovic

GKSerbia · Kocaelispor

№ 256567Emerging €295k +0.53

Player dossierSüper Lig

AleksandarJovanovic

GKGoalkeeperGoalkeeper

Club
Kocaelispor
League
Süper Lig
Nationality
Serbia
Age
33
Height
191 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
21 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Jovanovic at €500k. Model A, which never saw Jovanovic during training, estimates €295k: the market value is 70% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.70. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €725k, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.53A €295k▼ −0.37B €725k
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
24
Minutes
2,145
Started
24/24
Min / app
89
Cards
3Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Jovanovic…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €500k

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €500kModel A €295k

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 485 goalkeepers

Aleksandar Jovanovic's percentiles among goalkeepers: Minutes, two years 40th, Starts 62nd, Minutes, last 365 days 50th, European club minutes 91st40thMinutes62ndStarts50thRecent91stEurope

Dashed ring: the goalkeeper median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

27% this player0% goalkeeper median91st percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●86%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€250k
May 2013
Peak
€2M
Jun 2025
Model target
€500k
May 2026
Valuations
31
9 club changes
May 2026€500kKocaelisporValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €500k, Kocaelispor. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2013-05-28€250kFK Rad
2013-12-27€250kFK Rad
2014-11-11€250kFK Rad
2015-06-15€200kFK Donji Srem Pecinci
2015-11-23€400kFK Radnicki Nis
2016-05-29€600kFK Radnicki Nis
2016-08-12€600kAarhus GF
2016-12-12€500kAarhus GF
2017-06-21€500kAarhus GF
2017-12-18€400kAarhus GF
2018-06-02€500kAarhus GF
2018-10-31€1MSD Huesca
2018-12-21€1MSD Huesca
2019-06-11€1MSD Huesca
2019-12-22€700kAarhus GF
2020-04-08€550kDeportivo de La Coruña
2020-10-06€500kApollon Limassol
2021-05-14€400kApollon Limassol
2022-01-11€500kApollon Limassol
2022-06-20€800kApollon Limassol
2023-01-10€800kApollon Limassol
2023-05-31€800kApollon Limassol
2023-12-27€800kFK Partizan Belgrade
2024-06-10€1.2MFK Partizan Belgrade
2024-09-19€1.5MFK Partizan Belgrade
2024-12-27€1.8MFK Partizan Belgrade
2025-06-12€2MFK Partizan Belgrade
2025-10-01€1.5MKocaelispor
2025-12-17€1MKocaelispor
2026-03-05€800kKocaelispor
2026-05-21€500kKocaelispor

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.529

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Süper Lig428 players · median €1.2M

Valued above 20% of the 428 Süper Lig players.

€50k€300k€2M€15M€500kSee them in the Explorer →

Goalkeepers, all leagues485 players · median €1M

Valued above 27% of the 485 goalkeepers.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€500kSee them in the Explorer →

Where Jovanovic appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).