FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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John

Souttar

CBScotland · Rangers FC

№ 235767Established €4M −0.69

Player dossierPremiership

JohnSouttar

CBCentre-BackDefender

Club
Rangers FC
League
Premiership
Nationality
Scotland
Age
29
Height
186 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
20 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Souttar at €2M. Model A, which never saw Souttar during training, estimates €4M: the market value is 50% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.99. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €6.1M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.69A €4M▼ −1.12B €6.1M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
67
Minutes
5,575
Goals
1
Assists
0
Started
62/67
Min / app
83
Cards
14Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Souttar…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €2M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €2MModel A €4M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

John Souttar's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 37th, Assists per 90 17th, Minutes, two years 89th, Starts 78th, Minutes, last 365 days 86th, European club minutes 97th37thGoals17thAssists89thMinutes78thStarts86thRecent97thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

35% this player0% defender median97th percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●85%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€200k
Oct 2013
Peak
€4.5M
Dec 2024
Model target
€2M
May 2026
Valuations
27
2 club changes
May 2026€2MRangers FCValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €2M, Rangers FC. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2013-10-08€200kDundee United FC
2014-02-13€500kDundee United FC
2014-10-09€500kDundee United FC
2015-12-07€500kDundee United FC
2017-02-14€600kHeart of Midlothian FC
2018-03-04€750kHeart of Midlothian FC
2018-08-08€850kHeart of Midlothian FC
2019-01-03€1.3MHeart of Midlothian FC
2019-08-20€1.5MHeart of Midlothian FC
2020-02-05€1.5MHeart of Midlothian FC
2020-04-08€1.2MHeart of Midlothian FC
2020-07-21€1MHeart of Midlothian FC
2021-01-18€1MHeart of Midlothian FC
2021-06-03€800kHeart of Midlothian FC
2021-12-31€1MHeart of Midlothian FC
2022-06-27€1.5MHeart of Midlothian FC
2022-12-13€1.5MRangers FC
2023-06-26€1.2MRangers FC
2023-12-05€1.5MRangers FC
2024-03-20€2.5MRangers FC
2024-05-30€3MRangers FC
2024-10-02€3.5MRangers FC
2024-12-03€4.5MRangers FC
2025-06-17€4MRangers FC
2025-12-10€3.5MRangers FC
2026-03-05€3MRangers FC
2026-05-20€2MRangers FC

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.690

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premiership311 players · median €400k

Valued above 82% of the 311 Premiership players.

€20k€150k€1M€7.5M€2MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 49% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€2MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Souttar appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).