FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Paul

Digby

DMEngland · Dundee FC

№ 202883Emerging €112k −0.12

Player dossierPremiership

PaulDigby

DMDefensive MidfieldMidfield

Club
Dundee FC
League
Premiership
Nationality
England
Age
31
Height
193 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
20 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Digby at €100k. Model A, which never saw Digby during training, estimates €112k: the market value is 11% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.12. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €533k, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.12A €112k▼ −1.67B €533k
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
14
Minutes
703
Goals
0
Assists
1
Started
8/14
Min / app
50
Cards
1Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Digby…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €100k

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €100kModel A €112k

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Paul Digby's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 10th, Assists per 90 63rd, Minutes, two years 6th, Starts 31st, Minutes, last 365 days 20th, European club minutes 30th10thGoals63rdAssists6thMinutes31stStarts20thRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.13 this player0.09 midfielder median63rd percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.74

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€50k
Sept 2014
Peak
€375k
Jun 2023
Model target
€100k
May 2026
Valuations
16
3 club changes
May 2026€100kDundee FCValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €100k, Dundee FC. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2014-09-04€50kBarnsley FC
2015-02-27€75kBarnsley FC
2015-10-16€75kBarnsley FC
2016-04-20€100kIpswich Town
2016-09-01€150kIpswich Town
2017-02-27€150kIpswich Town
2022-07-29€300kCambridge United
2023-04-05€350kCambridge United
2023-06-09€375kCambridge United
2023-12-27€375kCambridge United
2024-06-28€350kCambridge United
2024-12-27€275kCambridge United
2025-06-18€250kCambridge United
2025-12-10€200kDundee FC
2026-03-05€150kDundee FC
2026-05-20€100kDundee FC

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.117

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premiership311 players · median €400k

Valued above 7% of the 311 Premiership players.

€20k€150k€1M€7.5M€100kSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 0% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€100kSee them in the Explorer →

Where Digby appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).