FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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Portrait of Alessio Romagnoli

Alessio

Romagnoli

CBItaly · SS Lazio

№ 197747Established €5.9M +0.01

Close-up

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierSerie A

AlessioRomagnoli

CBCentre-BackDefender

Club
SS Lazio
League
Serie A
Nationality
Italy
Age
31
Height
185 cm
Foot
Left
Valued
29 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Romagnoli at €6M. Model A, which never saw Romagnoli during training, estimates €5.9M: the market value is 1% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.01. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €6.3M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.01A €5.9M▼ −0.04B €6.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
79
Minutes
6,635
Goals
6
Assists
1
Started
76/79
Min / app
84
Cards
11Y 2R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Romagnoli…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €6M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €6MModel A €5.9M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Alessio Romagnoli's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 81st, Assists per 90 35th, Minutes, two years 96th, Starts 87th, Minutes, last 365 days 90th, European club minutes 76th81stGoals35thAssists96thMinutes87thStarts90thRecent76thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Minutes, two years

Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.

6,635 this player2,860 defender median96th percentile

451peer deciles · median line · this player ●9,111

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€75k
Nov 2011
Peak
€50M
Mar 2019
Model target
€6M
May 2026
Valuations
40
5 club changes
May 2026€6MSS LazioValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €6M, SS Lazio. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2011-11-23€75kRoma U19
2012-03-25€75kRoma U19
2012-06-06€100kRoma U19
2013-01-14€500kAS Roma
2013-06-19€900kAS Roma
2014-01-07€900kAS Roma
2014-03-10€1.5MAS Roma
2014-07-01€3MAS Roma
2014-11-08€4MUC Sampdoria
2015-01-07€6.5MUC Sampdoria
2015-07-01€8.5MAS Roma
2015-09-23€15MAC Milan
2016-01-04€18MAC Milan
2016-07-15€18MAC Milan
2016-10-14€20MAC Milan
2017-01-02€25MAC Milan
2017-06-08€25MAC Milan
2017-12-29€25MAC Milan
2018-03-24€35MAC Milan
2018-06-07€40MAC Milan
2018-12-20€40MAC Milan
2019-03-01€50MAC Milan
2019-06-06€50MAC Milan
2019-12-12€45MAC Milan
2020-04-08€36MAC Milan
2020-08-25€36MAC Milan
2020-12-29€36MAC Milan
2021-03-23€30MAC Milan
2021-06-03€25MAC Milan
2021-10-14€20MAC Milan
2021-12-28€20MAC Milan
2022-06-07€17MAC Milan
2022-11-11€18MSS Lazio
2023-06-15€18MSS Lazio
2023-12-20€15MSS Lazio
2024-06-05€15MSS Lazio
2024-12-18€12MSS Lazio
2025-06-17€7MSS Lazio
2025-12-23€7MSS Lazio
2026-05-29€6MSS Lazio

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.010

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Serie A507 players · median €5.5M

Valued above 50% of the 507 Serie A players.

€100k€750k€5M€30M€6MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 73% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€6MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Romagnoli appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).