FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Pierre-Emile

Højbjerg

DMDenmark · Olympique Marseille

№ 167799Elite €9.3M +0.47

Player dossierLigue 1

Pierre-EmileHøjbjerg

DMDefensive MidfieldMidfield

Club
Olympique Marseille
League
Ligue 1
Nationality
Denmark
Age
30
Height
185 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
1 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Højbjerg at €15M. Model A, which never saw Højbjerg during training, estimates €9.3M: the market value is 61% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.61. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €6.9M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.47A €9.3M▲ +0.78B €6.9M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
71
Minutes
6,129
Goals
6
Assists
9
Started
68/71
Min / app
86
Cards
11Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Højbjerg…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €15M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €15MModel A €9.3M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Pierre-Emile Højbjerg's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 52nd, Assists per 90 65th, Minutes, two years 96th, Starts 94th, Minutes, last 365 days 97th, European club minutes 73rd52ndGoals65thAssists96thMinutes94thStarts97thRecent73rdEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

Minutes, last 365 days

Club minutes in the final year of the window: recent involvement, or the absence of it.

3,463 this player1,541 midfielder median97th percentile

0peer deciles · median line · this player ●4,800

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€25k
Aug 2012
Peak
€45M
Nov 2022
Model target
€15M
Jun 2026
Valuations
41
7 club changes
Jun 2026€15MOlympique MarseilleValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €15M, Olympique Marseille. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2012-08-17€25kFC Bayern Munich II
2012-10-16€75kFC Bayern Munich II
2012-12-14€250kFC Bayern Munich II
2013-05-20€500kFC Bayern Munich II
2013-06-30€500kFC Bayern Munich II
2014-01-30€800kBayern Munich
2014-02-12€1.3MBayern Munich
2014-07-10€4MBayern Munich
2015-02-04€4MFC Augsburg
2015-07-01€6.5MBayern Munich
2016-02-15€6MFC Schalke 04
2016-08-01€8MSouthampton FC
2017-02-20€8MSouthampton FC
2017-06-28€8MSouthampton FC
2018-01-02€8MSouthampton FC
2018-05-28€10MSouthampton FC
2018-10-17€12MSouthampton FC
2018-12-19€12MSouthampton FC
2019-06-13€15MSouthampton FC
2019-12-10€15MSouthampton FC
2020-04-08€12MSouthampton FC
2020-07-30€20MSouthampton FC
2020-10-13€25MTottenham Hotspur
2020-12-17€30MTottenham Hotspur
2021-03-18€35MTottenham Hotspur
2021-05-26€35MTottenham Hotspur
2021-07-15€40MTottenham Hotspur
2021-12-23€40MTottenham Hotspur
2022-06-15€40MTottenham Hotspur
2022-09-15€42MTottenham Hotspur
2022-11-03€45MTottenham Hotspur
2023-06-20€45MTottenham Hotspur
2023-10-09€32MTottenham Hotspur
2023-12-19€28MTottenham Hotspur
2024-03-14€20MTottenham Hotspur
2024-05-27€18MTottenham Hotspur
2024-10-07€20MOlympique Marseille
2024-12-10€20MOlympique Marseille
2025-06-03€20MOlympique Marseille
2025-12-15€18MOlympique Marseille
2026-06-01€15MOlympique Marseille

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.474

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Ligue 1423 players · median €5M

Valued above 76% of the 423 Ligue 1 players.

€100k€750k€5M€30M€15MSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 83% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€15MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Højbjerg appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).