FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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Djaoui

Cissé

CMFrance · Stade Rennais FC

№ 931160Elite €7.2M +0.33

Player dossierLigue 1

DjaouiCissé

CMCentral MidfieldMidfield

Club
Stade Rennais FC
League
Ligue 1
Nationality
France
Age
22
Height
188 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
1 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Cissé at €10M. Model A, which never saw Cissé during training, estimates €7.2M: the market value is 39% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.39. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.8M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.33A €7.2M▲ +1.74B €1.8M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
38
Minutes
2,112
Goals
1
Assists
0
Started
26/38
Min / app
56
Cards
7Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Cissé…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €10M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €10MModel A €7.2M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Djaoui Cissé's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 30th, Assists per 90 8th, Minutes, two years 40th, Starts 49th, Minutes, last 365 days 31st, European club minutes 30th30thGoals8thAssists40thMinutes49thStarts31stRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

Starts

Share of appearances started rather than entered from the bench.

68% this player69% midfielder median49th percentile

7%peer deciles · median line · this player ●100%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Mar 2024
Peak
€15M
Dec 2025
Model target
€10M
Jun 2026
Valuations
8
1 club change
Jun 2026€10MStade Rennais FCValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €10M, Stade Rennais FC. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2024-03-19€100kStade Rennais FC B
2024-06-03€100kStade Rennais FC B
2024-12-10€100kStade Rennais FC
2025-03-24€5MStade Rennais FC
2025-06-03€8MStade Rennais FC
2025-10-10€10MStade Rennais FC
2025-12-15€15MStade Rennais FC
2026-06-01€10MStade Rennais FC

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.332

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Ligue 1423 players · median €5M

Valued above 66% of the 423 Ligue 1 players.

€100k€750k€5M€30M€10MSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 78% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€10MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Cissé appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).