FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
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  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

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Zé

Carlos

CMPortugal · Gil Vicente FC

№ 908936Emerging €2.2M −1.02

Player dossierLiga Portugal

ZéCarlos

CMCentral MidfieldMidfield

Club
Gil Vicente FC
League
Liga Portugal
Nationality
Portugal
Age
24
Height
172 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
28 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Carlos at €800k. Model A, which never saw Carlos during training, estimates €2.2M: the market value is 64% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×2.77. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.3M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −1.02A €2.2M▼ −0.52B €1.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
50
Minutes
2,044
Goals
0
Assists
1
Started
19/50
Min / app
41
Cards
8Y 1R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Carlos…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €800k

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €800kModel A €2.2M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Zé Carlos's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 10th, Assists per 90 26th, Minutes, two years 37th, Starts 10th, Minutes, last 365 days 38th, European club minutes 62nd10thGoals26thAssists37thMinutes10thStarts38thRecent62ndEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

3% this player0% midfielder median62nd percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●85%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Nov 2021
Peak
€2M
Jun 2023
Model target
€800k
May 2026
Valuations
11
3 club changes
May 2026€800kGil Vicente FCValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €800k, Gil Vicente FC. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2021-11-05€100kVarzim SC
2022-04-01€375kVarzim SC
2022-06-27€450kVarzim SC
2022-11-01€1MVitória Guimarães SC
2023-06-16€2MVitória Guimarães SC
2023-12-27€2MVitória Guimarães SC
2024-06-06€2MVitória Guimarães SC
2024-12-19€1.2MVitória Guimarães SC
2025-05-30€1MSC Farense
2025-12-18€800kGil Vicente FC
2026-05-28€800kGil Vicente FC

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−1.019

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Liga Portugal423 players · median €1M

Valued above 35% of the 423 Liga Portugal players.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€800kSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 27% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€800kSee them in the Explorer →

Where Carlos appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).