FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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Sergi

Cardona

LBSpain · Villarreal CF

№ 678406Established €17.7M −0.68

Player dossierLaLiga

SergiCardona

LBLeft-BackDefender

Club
Villarreal CF
League
LaLiga
Nationality
Spain
Age
26
Height
186 cm
Foot
Both
Valued
5 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Cardona at €9M. Model A, which never saw Cardona during training, estimates €17.7M: the market value is 49% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.97. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €12.5M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.68A €17.7M▼ −0.33B €12.5M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
78
Minutes
5,647
Goals
2
Assists
11
Started
62/78
Min / app
72
Cards
16Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Cardona…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €9M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €9MModel A €17.7M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Sergi Cardona's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 50th, Assists per 90 92nd, Minutes, two years 90th, Starts 43rd, Minutes, last 365 days 80th, European club minutes 70th50thGoals92ndAssists90thMinutes43rdStarts80thRecent70thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.18 this player0.04 defender median92nd percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.58

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€50k
Oct 2020
Peak
€10M
Jun 2025
Model target
€9M
Jun 2026
Valuations
19
2 club changes
Jun 2026€9MVillarreal CFValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €9M, Villarreal CF. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2020-10-08€50kLas Palmas Atlético
2021-01-08€50kLas Palmas Atlético
2021-06-30€100kLas Palmas Atlético
2021-10-13€500kUD Las Palmas
2021-12-27€800kUD Las Palmas
2022-06-29€800kUD Las Palmas
2022-12-29€800kUD Las Palmas
2023-06-14€1.2MUD Las Palmas
2023-10-13€2MUD Las Palmas
2023-12-22€3MUD Las Palmas
2024-03-21€6MUD Las Palmas
2024-06-07€6MUD Las Palmas
2024-10-11€7MVillarreal CF
2024-12-27€7MVillarreal CF
2025-03-21€8MVillarreal CF
2025-06-09€10MVillarreal CF
2025-12-12€10MVillarreal CF
2026-03-16€9MVillarreal CF
2026-06-05€9MVillarreal CF

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.678

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

LaLiga509 players · median €4M

Valued above 72% of the 509 LaLiga players.

€100k€1M€10M€100M€9MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 80% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€9MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Cardona appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).