Kristian
Bilovar
CBUkraine · Dynamo Kyiv
Player dossierPremier Liha
KristianBilovar
CBCentre-BackDefender
- Club
- Dynamo Kyiv
- League
- Premier Liha
- Nationality
- Ukraine
- Age
- 25
- Height
- 191 cm
- Foot
- Right
- Valued
- 2 Jun 2026
Reading the valuation
The market values Bilovar at €1.5M. Model A, which never saw Bilovar during training, estimates €2.1M: the market value is 28% below that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.40. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €9.4M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 53
- Minutes
- 3,585
- Goals
- 0
- Assists
- 0
- Started
- 38/53
- Min / app
- 68
- Cards
- 5Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Bilovar…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €1.5M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders
Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)
European club minutes
Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.
26% this player0% defender median91st percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €50k
- Nov 2020
- Peak
- €1.5M
- Mar 2026
- Model target
- €1.5M
- Jun 2026
- Valuations
- 15
- 3 club changes
Jun 2026: €1.5M, Dynamo Kyiv. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2020-11-10 | €50k | Dynamo Kyiv II |
| 2021-01-14 | €50k | Dynamo Kyiv II |
| 2021-09-03 | €100k | Chornomorets Odesa |
| 2021-12-20 | €200k | Chornomorets Odesa |
| 2022-05-18 | €200k | Chornomorets Odesa |
| 2022-09-06 | €300k | AEL Limassol |
| 2023-01-10 | €300k | AEL Limassol |
| 2023-05-31 | €300k | AEL Limassol |
| 2023-12-11 | €500k | Dynamo Kyiv |
| 2024-06-06 | €600k | Dynamo Kyiv |
| 2024-12-17 | €1.2M | Dynamo Kyiv |
| 2025-06-10 | €1.2M | Dynamo Kyiv |
| 2025-12-18 | €1.2M | Dynamo Kyiv |
| 2026-03-23 | €1.5M | Dynamo Kyiv |
| 2026-06-02 | €1.5M | Dynamo Kyiv |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- −0.333
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Premier Liha414 players · median €400k
Valued above 84% of the 414 Premier Liha players.
See them in the Explorer →Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M
Valued above 43% of the 2,065 defenders.
See them in the Explorer →Where Bilovar appears
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- ChobotenkoCBPolissya Zhytomyr · Premier Liha€1.5M
- GhramCBShakhtar Donetsk · Premier Liha€1.5M
- JurcecRBKryvbas Kryvyi Rig · Premier Liha€1.5M
- BragaruLWPolissya Zhytomyr · Premier Liha€1.5M
- TraunerCBFeyenoord Rotterdam · defenders€1.5M
- KüblerRBSC Freiburg · defenders€1.5M
- WalkerRBBurnley FC · defenders€1.5M
- TrippierRBNewcastle United · defenders€1.5M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).