Fredrik
Hammar
DMSweden · KV Mechelen
Player dossierPro League
FredrikHammar
DMDefensive MidfieldMidfield
- Club
- KV Mechelen
- League
- Pro League
- Nationality
- Sweden
- Age
- 25
- Height
- 182 cm
- Foot
- Right
- Valued
- 4 Jun 2026
Pro LeagueReading the valuation
The market values Hammar at €3M. Model A, which never saw Hammar during training, estimates €3.8M: the market value is 20% below that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.25. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €4.9M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 48
- Minutes
- 4,153
- Goals
- 1
- Assists
- 1
- Started
- 47/48
- Min / app
- 87
- Cards
- 11Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Hammar…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €3M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders
Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)
Starts
Share of appearances started rather than entered from the bench.
98% this player69% midfielder median98th percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €150k
- Jul 2021
- Peak
- €3M
- Dec 2025
- Model target
- €3M
- Jun 2026
- Valuations
- 14
- 2 club changes
Jun 2026: €3M, KV Mechelen. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2021-07-05 | €150k | Akropolis IF (- 2024) |
| 2021-12-29 | €125k | Akropolis IF (- 2024) |
| 2022-12-14 | €150k | Hammarby IF |
| 2023-06-27 | €250k | Hammarby IF |
| 2023-09-13 | €800k | Hammarby IF |
| 2023-12-08 | €1M | Hammarby IF |
| 2024-06-13 | €1.2M | Hammarby IF |
| 2024-09-26 | €900k | Hammarby IF |
| 2024-12-20 | €750k | Hammarby IF |
| 2025-03-26 | €1.3M | KV Mechelen |
| 2025-06-12 | €1.5M | KV Mechelen |
| 2025-10-01 | €2.5M | KV Mechelen |
| 2025-12-10 | €3M | KV Mechelen |
| 2026-06-04 | €3M | KV Mechelen |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- −0.224
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Pro League350 players · median €1.8M
Valued above 67% of the 350 Pro League players.
See them in the Explorer →Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M
Valued above 56% of the 1,687 midfielders.
See them in the Explorer →Where Hammar appears
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- KerkRWRoyal Antwerp FC · Pro League€3M
- ItoRWKRC Genk · Pro League€3M
- KangaCFKAA Gent · Pro League€3M
- HeydenCBKAA Gent · Pro League€3M
- MkhitaryanCMInter Milan · midfielders€3M
- GötzeAMEintracht Frankfurt · midfielders€3M
- AndréDMLOSC Lille · midfielders€3M
- ArnoldCMVfL Wolfsburg · midfielders€3M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).