FairValue

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Portrait of Santiago Bueno

Santiago

Bueno

CBUruguay · Wolverhampton Wanderers

№ 438001Elite €15.7M −0.45

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierPremier League

SantiagoBueno

CBCentre-BackDefender

Club
Wolverhampton Wanderers
League
Premier League
Nationality
Uruguay
Age
27
Height
191 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
3 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Bueno at €10M. Model A, which never saw Bueno during training, estimates €15.7M: the market value is 36% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.57. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €11.9M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.45A €15.7M▼ −0.17B €11.9M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
67
Minutes
5,030
Goals
4
Assists
3
Started
55/67
Min / app
75
Cards
9Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Bueno…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €10M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €10MModel A €15.7M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Santiago Bueno's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 76th, Assists per 90 59th, Minutes, two years 84th, Starts 49th, Minutes, last 365 days 89th, European club minutes 30th76thGoals59thAssists84thMinutes49thStarts89thRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Minutes, last 365 days

Club minutes in the final year of the window: recent involvement, or the absence of it.

3,003 this player1,687 defender median89th percentile

0peer deciles · median line · this player ●4,941

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Sept 2016
Peak
€10M
May 2025
Model target
€10M
Jun 2026
Valuations
26
5 club changes
Jun 2026€10MWolverhampton WanderersValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €10M, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2016-09-09€100kUnknown
2017-02-02€200kFC Barcelona U19
2017-08-17€200kFC Barcelona B
2018-01-01€200kFC Barcelona B
2018-05-30€200kCF Peralada
2018-09-03€200kCF Peralada
2019-02-19€250kCF Peralada
2019-06-29€250kCF Peralada
2019-09-10€300kGirona FC
2019-12-20€300kGirona FC
2020-07-23€300kGirona FC
2020-10-08€300kGirona FC
2021-01-08€800kGirona FC
2021-06-24€1.5MGirona FC
2021-12-27€1.5MGirona FC
2022-06-29€2MGirona FC
2022-09-23€3MGirona FC
2022-11-07€7MGirona FC
2023-03-23€8MGirona FC
2023-06-13€8MGirona FC
2023-12-19€8MWolverhampton Wanderers
2024-05-27€8MWolverhampton Wanderers
2024-12-16€8MWolverhampton Wanderers
2025-05-30€10MWolverhampton Wanderers
2025-12-09€10MWolverhampton Wanderers
2026-06-03€10MWolverhampton Wanderers

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
non-UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.454

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premier League555 players · median €18M

Valued above 32% of the 555 Premier League players.

€150k€1M€7.5M€50M€10MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 81% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€10MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Bueno appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).