Alessandro
Buongiorno
CBItaly · SSC Napoli
Close-up
Image: FootyLogos
Player dossierSerie A
AlessandroBuongiorno
CBCentre-BackDefender
- Club
- SSC Napoli
- League
- Serie A
- Nationality
- Italy
- Age
- 26
- Height
- 190 cm
- Foot
- Left
- Valued
- 29 May 2026
Reading the valuation
The market values Buongiorno at €30M. Model A, which never saw Buongiorno during training, estimates €17.4M: the market value is 73% above that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.73. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €6.1M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 65
- Minutes
- 5,165
- Goals
- 1
- Assists
- 1
- Started
- 58/65
- Min / app
- 79
- Cards
- 5Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Buongiorno…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €30M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders
Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)
Minutes, last 365 days
Club minutes in the final year of the window: recent involvement, or the absence of it.
3,149 this player1,687 defender median91st percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €50k
- Nov 2016
- Peak
- €50M
- Jun 2025
- Model target
- €30M
- May 2026
- Valuations
- 25
- 4 club changes
May 2026: €30M, SSC Napoli. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2016-11-14 | €50k | Torino Primavera |
| 2017-06-26 | €75k | Torino Primavera |
| 2018-06-30 | €125k | Torino Primavera |
| 2019-01-17 | €500k | Carpi FC 1909 |
| 2019-06-05 | €500k | Carpi FC 1909 |
| 2020-02-11 | €500k | Trapani Calcio |
| 2020-04-08 | €450k | Trapani Calcio |
| 2020-08-21 | €600k | Trapani Calcio |
| 2020-12-29 | €800k | Torino FC |
| 2021-03-23 | €1.3M | Torino FC |
| 2021-06-03 | €2.5M | Torino FC |
| 2021-12-28 | €4M | Torino FC |
| 2022-06-07 | €4M | Torino FC |
| 2022-11-11 | €5M | Torino FC |
| 2023-03-21 | €8M | Torino FC |
| 2023-06-15 | €10M | Torino FC |
| 2023-10-11 | €20M | Torino FC |
| 2023-12-20 | €22M | Torino FC |
| 2024-03-12 | €30M | Torino FC |
| 2024-06-05 | €35M | Torino FC |
| 2024-12-18 | €45M | SSC Napoli |
| 2025-06-17 | €50M | SSC Napoli |
| 2025-12-23 | €45M | SSC Napoli |
| 2026-03-24 | €35M | SSC Napoli |
| 2026-05-29 | €30M | SSC Napoli |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- +0.547
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Serie A507 players · median €5.5M
Valued above 91% of the 507 Serie A players.
See them in the Explorer →Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M
Valued above 95% of the 2,065 defenders.
See them in the Explorer →Where Buongiorno appears
- TerminalSerie A in the Player Explorer
- TerminalSerie A on the League Landscape
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- McKennieCMJuventus FC · Serie A€30M
- KrstovićCFAtalanta BC · Serie A€30M
- KetelaereAMAtalanta BC · Serie A€30M
- CarnesecchiGKAtalanta BC · Serie A€30M
- LigtCBManchester United · defenders€30M
- WhiteRBArsenal FC · defenders€30M
- DalotRBManchester United · defenders€30M
- CollinsCBBrentford FC · defenders€30M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).