FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
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  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
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  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

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Portrait of Kamil Grabara

Kamil

Grabara

GKPoland · VfL Wolfsburg

№ 346551Elite €6.2M +0.67

Close-up

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierBundesliga

KamilGrabara

GKGoalkeeperGoalkeeper

Club
VfL Wolfsburg
League
Bundesliga
Nationality
Poland
Age
27
Height
195 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
27 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Grabara at €12M. Model A, which never saw Grabara during training, estimates €6.2M: the market value is 95% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.95. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €4.8M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.67A €6.2M▲ +0.92B €4.8M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
67
Minutes
6,036
Started
67/67
Min / app
90
Cards
3Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Grabara…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €12M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €12MModel A €6.2M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 485 goalkeepers

Kamil Grabara's percentiles among goalkeepers: Minutes, two years 86th, Starts 62nd, Minutes, last 365 days 83rd, European club minutes 32nd86thMinutes62ndStarts83rdRecent32ndEurope

Dashed ring: the goalkeeper median (50th percentile)

Minutes, two years

Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.

6,036 this player2,790 goalkeeper median86th percentile

450peer deciles · median line · this player ●9,210

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Jan 2016
Peak
€14M
Oct 2024
Model target
€12M
May 2026
Valuations
20
5 club changes
May 2026€12MVfL WolfsburgValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €12M, VfL Wolfsburg. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2016-01-10€100kRuch Chorzow
2019-06-08€400kAarhus GF
2019-10-17€5MHuddersfield Town
2020-02-27€5MHuddersfield Town
2020-04-08€4.5MHuddersfield Town
2020-12-23€2.5MAarhus GF
2021-06-04€2.5MAarhus GF
2021-10-06€3MFC Copenhagen
2021-12-28€3MFC Copenhagen
2022-06-20€4MFC Copenhagen
2022-11-14€5MFC Copenhagen
2023-06-26€5MFC Copenhagen
2023-09-19€9MFC Copenhagen
2023-12-21€11MFC Copenhagen
2024-06-10€12MFC Copenhagen
2024-10-09€14MVfL Wolfsburg
2024-12-20€14MVfL Wolfsburg
2025-06-05€14MVfL Wolfsburg
2025-12-19€12MVfL Wolfsburg
2026-05-27€12MVfL Wolfsburg

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.667

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Bundesliga451 players · median €5M

Valued above 70% of the 451 Bundesliga players.

€300k€2M€15M€100M€12MSee them in the Explorer →

Goalkeepers, all leagues485 players · median €1M

Valued above 90% of the 485 goalkeepers.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€12MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Grabara appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).