Pau
López
GKSpain · Real Betis Balompié
Player dossierLaLiga
PauLópez
GKGoalkeeperGoalkeeper
- Club
- Real Betis Balompié
- League
- LaLiga
- Nationality
- Spain
- Age
- 31
- Height
- 189 cm
- Foot
- Left
- Valued
- 5 Jun 2026
Reading the valuation
The market values López at €2.5M. Model A, which never saw López during training, estimates €1.3M: the market value is 95% above that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.95. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.1M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 19
- Minutes
- 1,695
- Started
- 18/19
- Min / app
- 89
- Cards
- 3Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for López…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €2.5M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 485 goalkeepers
Dashed ring: the goalkeeper median (50th percentile)
European club minutes
Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.
42% this player0% goalkeeper median99th percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €200k
- Jul 2014
- Peak
- €24M
- Dec 2019
- Model target
- €2.5M
- Jun 2026
- Valuations
- 35
- 8 club changes
Jun 2026: €2.5M, Real Betis Balompié. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-07-19 | €200k | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2015-01-23 | €300k | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2015-07-01 | €500k | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2015-11-23 | €800k | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2016-02-22 | €800k | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2016-04-07 | €1.5M | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2016-07-15 | €1.5M | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2017-02-20 | €1.5M | Tottenham Hotspur |
| 2017-06-28 | €1.5M | Tottenham Hotspur |
| 2018-01-01 | €3M | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2018-05-30 | €5M | RCD Espanyol Barcelona |
| 2018-09-07 | €10M | Real Betis Balompié |
| 2018-12-21 | €20M | Real Betis Balompié |
| 2019-06-11 | €20M | Real Betis Balompié |
| 2019-12-12 | €24M | AS Roma |
| 2020-04-08 | €19M | AS Roma |
| 2020-08-25 | €17M | AS Roma |
| 2020-10-29 | €12M | AS Roma |
| 2020-12-29 | €10M | AS Roma |
| 2021-06-03 | €10M | AS Roma |
| 2021-12-16 | €10M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2022-03-23 | €12M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2022-05-30 | €12M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2022-11-02 | €12M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2023-03-27 | €14M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2023-06-27 | €14M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2023-12-18 | €12M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2024-03-19 | €10M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2024-06-03 | €10M | Olympique Marseille |
| 2024-10-11 | €7.5M | Girona FC |
| 2024-12-27 | €3.5M | Girona FC |
| 2025-03-31 | €3M | Deportivo Toluca |
| 2025-05-26 | €2.5M | Deportivo Toluca |
| 2025-12-12 | €2.5M | Real Betis Balompié |
| 2026-06-05 | €2.5M | Real Betis Balompié |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- +0.669
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Goalkeepers, all leagues485 players · median €1M
Valued above 64% of the 485 goalkeepers.
See them in the Explorer →Where López appears
- TerminalLaLiga in the Player Explorer
- TerminalLaLiga on the League Landscape
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- MorenoCFVillarreal CF · LaLiga€2.5M
- LópezCMRayo Vallecano · LaLiga€2.5M
- TorróDMCA Osasuna · LaLiga€2.5M
- PickelDMRCD Espanyol Barcelona · LaLiga€2.5M
- BaumannGKTSG 1899 Hoffenheim · goalkeepers€2.5M
- RoefGKKAA Gent · goalkeepers€2.5M
- MvogoGKFC Lorient · goalkeepers€2.5M
- ZentnerGK1.FSV Mainz 05 · goalkeepers€2.5M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).