FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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Lucas

Torró

DMSpain · CA Osasuna

№ 213670Established €2.1M +0.16

Player dossierLaLiga

LucasTorró

DMDefensive MidfieldMidfield

Club
CA Osasuna
League
LaLiga
Nationality
Spain
Age
31
Height
190 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
5 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Torró at €2.5M. Model A, which never saw Torró during training, estimates €2.1M: the market value is 18% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.18. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €3.3M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.16A €2.1M▼ −0.29B €3.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
76
Minutes
5,658
Goals
3
Assists
2
Started
69/76
Min / app
74
Cards
16Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Torró…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €2.5M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €2.5MModel A €2.1M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Lucas Torró's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 33rd, Assists per 90 21st, Minutes, two years 92nd, Starts 88th, Minutes, last 365 days 76th, European club minutes 30th33rdGoals21stAssists92ndMinutes88thStarts76thRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

Minutes, two years

Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.

5,658 this player2,607 midfielder median92nd percentile

451peer deciles · median line · this player ●9,624

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€200k
Aug 2013
Peak
€8M
Jun 2023
Model target
€2.5M
Jun 2026
Valuations
31
4 club changes
Jun 2026€2.5MCA OsasunaValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €2.5M, CA Osasuna. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2013-08-07€200kReal Madrid Castilla
2013-10-21€200kReal Madrid Castilla
2014-02-06€200kReal Madrid Castilla
2016-07-15€300kReal Madrid Castilla
2016-10-27€500kReal Oviedo
2017-01-24€600kReal Oviedo
2017-06-29€700kReal Oviedo
2018-01-01€800kCA Osasuna
2018-05-30€800kCA Osasuna
2018-08-22€3MEintracht Frankfurt
2018-10-22€5MEintracht Frankfurt
2018-12-18€5MEintracht Frankfurt
2019-06-05€6MEintracht Frankfurt
2019-10-02€3.5MEintracht Frankfurt
2019-12-17€3MEintracht Frankfurt
2020-04-08€2.4MEintracht Frankfurt
2020-10-08€2MCA Osasuna
2021-01-05€1.8MCA Osasuna
2021-06-10€2.2MCA Osasuna
2021-12-30€4MCA Osasuna
2022-03-21€5MCA Osasuna
2022-06-03€5MCA Osasuna
2022-11-07€7MCA Osasuna
2023-06-13€8MCA Osasuna
2023-12-22€8MCA Osasuna
2024-03-21€6MCA Osasuna
2024-06-07€4MCA Osasuna
2024-12-27€3.5MCA Osasuna
2025-06-09€3MCA Osasuna
2025-12-12€2.8MCA Osasuna
2026-06-05€2.5MCA Osasuna

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.165

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

LaLiga509 players · median €4M

Valued above 34% of the 509 LaLiga players.

€100k€1M€10M€100M€2.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 51% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€2.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Torró appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).