FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Marius

Wolf

RBGermany · FC Augsburg

№ 193900Established €1.7M +0.40

Player dossierBundesliga

MariusWolf

RBRight-BackDefender

Club
FC Augsburg
League
Bundesliga
Nationality
Germany
Age
31
Height
188 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
27 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Wolf at €2.5M. Model A, which never saw Wolf during training, estimates €1.7M: the market value is 50% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.50. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.3M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.40A €1.7M▲ +0.62B €1.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
67
Minutes
3,610
Goals
2
Assists
5
Started
45/67
Min / app
54
Cards
6Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Wolf…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €2.5M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €2.5MModel A €1.7M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Marius Wolf's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 64th, Assists per 90 83rd, Minutes, two years 63rd, Starts 23rd, Minutes, last 365 days 33rd, European club minutes 30th64thGoals83rdAssists63rdMinutes23rdStarts33rdRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.12 this player0.04 defender median83rd percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.58

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€50k
May 2014
Peak
€10M
Jun 2018
Model target
€2.5M
May 2026
Valuations
32
9 club changes
May 2026€2.5MFC AugsburgValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €2.5M, FC Augsburg. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2014-05-18€50kTSV 1860 München U19
2014-07-28€100kTSV 1860 München II
2015-01-13€400kTSV 1860 Munich
2015-07-01€500kTSV 1860 Munich
2015-10-22€800kTSV 1860 Munich
2016-02-15€1MHannover 96
2016-07-22€800kHannover 96
2016-10-06€350kHannover 96
2017-02-07€350kEintracht Frankfurt
2017-06-19€500kEintracht Frankfurt
2017-12-28€3MEintracht Frankfurt
2018-04-04€7MEintracht Frankfurt
2018-06-05€10MEintracht Frankfurt
2018-12-18€8MBorussia Dortmund
2019-06-05€8MBorussia Dortmund
2019-12-17€8MHertha BSC
2020-04-08€6.5MHertha BSC
2021-02-10€5M1.FC Köln
2021-06-09€4M1.FC Köln
2021-12-22€5MBorussia Dortmund
2022-06-09€6.5MBorussia Dortmund
2022-11-09€6.5MBorussia Dortmund
2023-03-29€9MBorussia Dortmund
2023-06-22€10MBorussia Dortmund
2023-10-18€8MBorussia Dortmund
2023-12-14€6.5MBorussia Dortmund
2024-03-27€5MBorussia Dortmund
2024-05-29€3MBorussia Dortmund
2024-12-20€3MFC Augsburg
2025-06-05€3MFC Augsburg
2025-12-19€2.5MFC Augsburg
2026-05-27€2.5MFC Augsburg

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.404

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Bundesliga451 players · median €5M

Valued above 25% of the 451 Bundesliga players.

€300k€2M€15M€100M€2.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 54% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€2.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Wolf appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).