FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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Robin

Zentner

GKGermany · 1.FSV Mainz 05

№ 160963Established €2.9M −0.16

Player dossierBundesliga

RobinZentner

GKGoalkeeperGoalkeeper

Club
1.FSV Mainz 05
League
Bundesliga
Nationality
Germany
Age
31
Height
194 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
27 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Zentner at €2.5M. Model A, which never saw Zentner during training, estimates €2.9M: the market value is 15% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.17. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.7M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.16A €2.9M▲ +0.36B €1.7M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
48
Minutes
4,327
Started
48/48
Min / app
90
Cards
6Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Zentner…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €2.5M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €2.5MModel A €2.9M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 485 goalkeepers

Robin Zentner's percentiles among goalkeepers: Minutes, two years 70th, Starts 62nd, Minutes, last 365 days 43rd, European club minutes 67th70thMinutes62ndStarts43rdRecent67thEurope

Dashed ring: the goalkeeper median (50th percentile)

Minutes, two years

Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.

4,327 this player2,790 goalkeeper median70th percentile

450peer deciles · median line · this player ●9,210

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€25k
Oct 2012
Peak
€5M
Jun 2021
Model target
€2.5M
May 2026
Valuations
33
3 club changes
May 2026€2.5M1.FSV Mainz 05Valuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €2.5M, 1.FSV Mainz 05. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2012-10-23€25k1.FSV Mainz 05 II
2014-04-22€50k1.FSV Mainz 05 II
2014-07-10€100k1.FSV Mainz 05
2014-08-21€200k1.FSV Mainz 05
2015-02-04€200k1.FSV Mainz 05
2015-03-07€250k1.FSV Mainz 05
2015-07-01€250k1.FSV Mainz 05
2016-02-08€225kHolstein Kiel
2016-07-14€250kHolstein Kiel
2017-02-10€225kHolstein Kiel
2017-06-14€200kHolstein Kiel
2017-12-28€600k1.FSV Mainz 05
2018-06-05€600k1.FSV Mainz 05
2018-12-18€1M1.FSV Mainz 05
2019-03-06€2.5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2019-06-05€1M1.FSV Mainz 05
2019-12-17€3M1.FSV Mainz 05
2020-03-11€4M1.FSV Mainz 05
2020-04-08€3.2M1.FSV Mainz 05
2021-02-10€4.5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2021-06-09€5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2021-12-22€5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2022-06-09€5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2022-11-09€5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2023-06-22€5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2023-12-14€5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2024-03-27€3.5M1.FSV Mainz 05
2024-05-29€3M1.FSV Mainz 05
2024-12-20€3M1.FSV Mainz 05
2025-03-27€4M1.FSV Mainz 05
2025-06-05€4M1.FSV Mainz 05
2025-12-19€3M1.FSV Mainz 05
2026-05-27€2.5M1.FSV Mainz 05

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.159

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Bundesliga451 players · median €5M

Valued above 25% of the 451 Bundesliga players.

€300k€2M€15M€100M€2.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Goalkeepers, all leagues485 players · median €1M

Valued above 64% of the 485 goalkeepers.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€2.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Zentner appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).