FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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Portrait of Said El Mala

Said El

Mala

LWGermany · 1.FC Köln

№ 1168219World Class €21.7M +0.73

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierBundesliga

Said ElMala

LWLeft WingerAttack

Club
1.FC Köln
League
Bundesliga
Nationality
Germany
Age
19
Height
187 cm
Foot
Both
Valued
27 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Mala at €45M. Model A, which never saw Mala during training, estimates €21.7M: the market value is 108% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×2.08. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €15.3M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.73A €21.7M▲ +1.08B €15.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
36
Minutes
2,038
Goals
13
Assists
5
Started
21/36
Min / app
57
Cards
5Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Mala…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €45M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €45MModel A €21.7M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

Said El Mala's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 93rd, Assists per 90 76th, Minutes, two years 46th, Starts 49th, Minutes, last 365 days 74th, European club minutes 28th93rdGoals76thAssists46thMinutes49thStarts74thRecent28thEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

Goals per 90

Club goals per 90 minutes played in the two years to the valuation date.

0.57 this player0.26 attacker median93rd percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●1.17

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Mar 2024
Peak
€45M
May 2026
Model target
€45M
May 2026
Valuations
9
1 club change
May 2026€45M1.FC KölnValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €45M, 1.FC Köln. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2024-03-20€100kFC Viktoria Köln
2024-06-11€300kFC Viktoria Köln
2024-09-27€750kFC Viktoria Köln
2024-12-30€1MFC Viktoria Köln
2025-06-11€3MFC Viktoria Köln
2025-10-14€18M1.FC Köln
2025-12-19€40M1.FC Köln
2026-03-20€35M1.FC Köln
2026-05-27€45M1.FC Köln

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.731

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Bundesliga451 players · median €5M

Valued above 96% of the 451 Bundesliga players.

€300k€2M€15M€100M€45MSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 96% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€45MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Mala appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).