FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Mustafa

Hekimoğlu

CFTürkiye · Besiktas JK

№ 1071252Established €5.4M −0.08

Player dossierSüper Lig

MustafaHekimoğlu

CFCentre-ForwardAttack

Club
Besiktas JK
League
Süper Lig
Nationality
Türkiye
Age
19
Height
186 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
21 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Hekimoğlu at €5M. Model A, which never saw Hekimoğlu during training, estimates €5.4M: the market value is 8% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.08. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €8.1M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.08A €5.4M▼ −0.48B €8.1M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
46
Minutes
1,287
Goals
3
Assists
2
Started
11/46
Min / app
28
Cards
6Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Hekimoğlu…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €5M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €5MModel A €5.4M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

Mustafa Hekimoğlu's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 38th, Assists per 90 47th, Minutes, two years 26th, Starts 6th, Minutes, last 365 days 14th, European club minutes 69th38thGoals47thAssists26thMinutes6thStarts14thRecent69thEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

9% this player0% attacker median69th percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●100%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€50k
Aug 2023
Peak
€5M
Jun 2025
Model target
€5M
May 2026
Valuations
9
1 club change
May 2026€5MBesiktas JKValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €5M, Besiktas JK. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2023-08-25€50kBesiktas JK U19
2024-03-15€250kBesiktas JK
2024-05-31€400kBesiktas JK
2024-10-04€2MBesiktas JK
2024-12-23€2.5MBesiktas JK
2025-03-20€3MBesiktas JK
2025-06-18€5MBesiktas JK
2025-12-17€5MBesiktas JK
2026-05-21€5MBesiktas JK

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.080

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Süper Lig428 players · median €1.2M

Valued above 81% of the 428 Süper Lig players.

€50k€300k€2M€15M€5MSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 64% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€5MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Hekimoğlu appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).