FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

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Kevin

LWBrazil · Fulham FC

№ 900195Elite €31.1M −0.22

Player dossierPremier League

Kevin

LWLeft WingerAttack

Club
Fulham FC
League
Premier League
Nationality
Brazil
Age
23
Height
176 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
3 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Kevin at €25M. Model A, which never saw Kevin during training, estimates €31.1M: the market value is 20% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.25. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €25.3M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.22A €31.1M▼ −0.01B €25.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
71
Minutes
4,517
Goals
17
Assists
10
Started
48/71
Min / app
64
Cards
10Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Kevin…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €25M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €25MModel A €31.1M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

Kevin's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 65th, Assists per 90 70th, Minutes, two years 87th, Starts 64th, Minutes, last 365 days 69th, European club minutes 82nd65thGoals70thAssists87thMinutes64thStarts69thRecent82ndEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

Minutes, two years

Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.

4,517 this player2,242 attacker median87th percentile

450peer deciles · median line · this player ●8,788

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€1M
May 2023
Peak
€30M
Oct 2025
Model target
€25M
Jun 2026
Valuations
9
3 club changes
Jun 2026€25MFulham FCValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €25M, Fulham FC. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2023-05-12€1MSE Palmeiras São Paulo U20
2023-12-11€4MSociedade Esportiva Palmeiras
2024-03-18€10MShakhtar Donetsk
2024-06-06€12MShakhtar Donetsk
2024-12-17€12MShakhtar Donetsk
2025-06-10€12MShakhtar Donetsk
2025-10-17€30MFulham FC
2025-12-09€30MFulham FC
2026-06-03€25MFulham FC

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
non-UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.220

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premier League555 players · median €18M

Valued above 63% of the 555 Premier League players.

€150k€1M€7.5M€50M€25MSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 90% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€25MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Kevin appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).