FrancoCarboni

LBLeft-BackDefender

Club: Parma Calcio 1913
League: Serie A
Nationality: Argentina
Age: 23
Height: 190 cm
Foot: Left
Valued: 29 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Carboni at €900k. Model A, which never saw Carboni during training, estimates €3.1M: the market value is 71% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×3.44. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €960k, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).

Apps: 17
Minutes: 483
Goals: 0
Assists: 1
Started: 6/17
Min / app: 28
Cards: 3Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Carboni…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €900k

Checking API

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.19 this player0.04 defender median94th percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.58

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation: €1M; Jun 2022
Peak: €1M; Jun 2022
Model target: €900k; May 2026
Valuations: 10; 6 club changes

May 2026€900kParma Calcio 1913Valuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €900k, Parma Calcio 1913. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table

Date	Market value	Club
2022-06-23	€1M	Inter Milan Primavera
2022-12-22	€1M	Cagliari Calcio
2023-06-15	€1M	AC Monza
2023-12-20	€900k	AC Monza
2024-06-03	€900k	Ternana Calcio
2024-12-18	€900k	Venezia FC
2025-03-25	€1M	Venezia FC
2025-06-17	€1M	Venezia FC
2025-12-11	€900k	FC Empoli
2026-05-29	€900k	Parma Calcio 1913

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group: non-UEFA
Population gap, Model A: +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A: −1.237

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Serie A507 players · median €5.5M

Valued above 7% of the 507 Serie A players.

See them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 33% of the 2,065 defenders.

See them in the Explorer →

Where Carboni appears

TerminalSerie A in the Player Explorer
TerminalSerie A on the League Landscape

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).