Hugo
Bueno
LBSpain · Wolverhampton Wanderers
Image: FootyLogos
Player dossierPremier League
HugoBueno
LBLeft-BackDefender
- Club
- Wolverhampton Wanderers
- League
- Premier League
- Nationality
- Spain
- Age
- 23
- Height
- 180 cm
- Foot
- Left
- Valued
- 3 Jun 2026
Premier LeagueReading the valuation
The market values Bueno at €12M. Model A, which never saw Bueno during training, estimates €18.5M: the market value is 35% below that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.54. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €14.6M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 68
- Minutes
- 4,385
- Goals
- 1
- Assists
- 6
- Started
- 49/68
- Min / app
- 64
- Cards
- 5Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Bueno…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €12M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders
Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)
Assists per 90
Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.
0.12 this player0.04 defender median83rd percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €200k
- Nov 2022
- Peak
- €12M
- Mar 2026
- Model target
- €12M
- Jun 2026
- Valuations
- 9
- 2 club changes
Jun 2026: €12M, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2022-11-03 | €200k | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| 2023-06-20 | €6M | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| 2023-12-19 | €6M | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| 2024-05-27 | €6M | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| 2024-12-17 | €8M | Feyenoord Rotterdam |
| 2025-05-28 | €8M | Feyenoord Rotterdam |
| 2025-12-09 | €10M | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| 2026-03-09 | €12M | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
| 2026-06-03 | €12M | Wolverhampton Wanderers |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- −0.431
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Premier League555 players · median €18M
Valued above 36% of the 555 Premier League players.
See them in the Explorer →Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M
Valued above 84% of the 2,065 defenders.
See them in the Explorer →Where Bueno appears
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- MartínezGKAston Villa · Premier League€12M
- AkéCBManchester City · Premier League€12M
- StonesCBManchester City · Premier League€12M
- MurphyRWNewcastle United · Premier League€12M
- KehrerCBAS Monaco · defenders€12M
- MatvienkoCBShakhtar Donetsk · defenders€12M
- BakuRBRB Leipzig · defenders€12M
- Walker-PetersRBWest Ham United · defenders€12M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).