FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Thomas

Kristensen

CBDenmark · Udinese Calcio

№ 698259Elite €13.9M −0.15

Player dossierSerie A

ThomasKristensen

CBCentre-BackDefender

Club
Udinese Calcio
League
Serie A
Nationality
Denmark
Age
24
Height
198 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
29 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Kristensen at €12M. Model A, which never saw Kristensen during training, estimates €13.9M: the market value is 14% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.16. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €6.5M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.15A €13.9M▲ +0.62B €6.5M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
55
Minutes
4,352
Goals
4
Assists
0
Started
48/55
Min / app
79
Cards
9Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Kristensen…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €12M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €12MModel A €13.9M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Thomas Kristensen's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 81st, Assists per 90 17th, Minutes, two years 75th, Starts 62nd, Minutes, last 365 days 78th, European club minutes 30th81stGoals17thAssists75thMinutes62ndStarts78thRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Goals per 90

Club goals per 90 minutes played in the two years to the valuation date.

0.08 this player0.03 defender median81st percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.41

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€50k
Dec 2020
Peak
€12M
Mar 2026
Model target
€12M
May 2026
Valuations
19
2 club changes
May 2026€12MUdinese CalcioValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €12M, Udinese Calcio. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2020-12-23€50kAarhus GF U19
2021-06-04€100kAarhus GF U19
2021-10-06€200kAarhus GF
2021-12-28€200kAarhus GF
2022-06-20€350kAarhus GF
2022-09-13€450kAarhus GF
2022-12-22€700kAarhus GF
2023-06-26€700kAarhus GF
2023-10-11€3MUdinese Calcio
2023-12-20€3MUdinese Calcio
2024-03-12€4.5MUdinese Calcio
2024-06-05€4.5MUdinese Calcio
2024-12-18€4.5MUdinese Calcio
2025-03-25€6MUdinese Calcio
2025-06-17€6MUdinese Calcio
2025-10-07€9MUdinese Calcio
2025-12-23€9MUdinese Calcio
2026-03-24€12MUdinese Calcio
2026-05-29€12MUdinese Calcio

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.148

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Serie A507 players · median €5.5M

Valued above 69% of the 507 Serie A players.

€100k€750k€5M€30M€12MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 84% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€12MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Kristensen appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).