FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Aitor

Paredes

CBSpain · Athletic Bilbao

№ 591916Established €10.2M −0.30

Player dossierLaLiga

AitorParedes

CBCentre-BackDefender

Club
Athletic Bilbao
League
LaLiga
Nationality
Spain
Age
26
Height
185 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
5 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Paredes at €7.5M. Model A, which never saw Paredes during training, estimates €10.2M: the market value is 26% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.36. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €11.5M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.30A €10.2M▼ −0.43B €11.5M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
66
Minutes
5,384
Goals
6
Assists
2
Started
60/66
Min / app
82
Cards
13Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Paredes…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €7.5M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €7.5MModel A €10.2M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Aitor Paredes's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 87th, Assists per 90 46th, Minutes, two years 88th, Starts 72nd, Minutes, last 365 days 76th, European club minutes 92nd87thGoals46thAssists88thMinutes72ndStarts76thRecent92ndEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

27% this player0% defender median92nd percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●85%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€200k
Nov 2020
Peak
€22M
Jun 2024
Model target
€7.5M
Jun 2026
Valuations
19
1 club change
Jun 2026€7.5MAthletic BilbaoValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €7.5M, Athletic Bilbao. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2020-11-03€200kBilbao Athletic
2021-01-07€200kBilbao Athletic
2021-06-30€200kBilbao Athletic
2021-12-30€200kBilbao Athletic
2022-06-29€200kBilbao Athletic
2022-09-23€400kAthletic Bilbao
2022-11-07€400kAthletic Bilbao
2022-12-29€400kAthletic Bilbao
2023-06-13€1MAthletic Bilbao
2023-07-12€4MAthletic Bilbao
2023-10-13€8MAthletic Bilbao
2023-12-22€12MAthletic Bilbao
2024-03-21€15MAthletic Bilbao
2024-06-07€22MAthletic Bilbao
2024-12-27€22MAthletic Bilbao
2025-06-09€22MAthletic Bilbao
2025-12-12€18MAthletic Bilbao
2026-03-16€15MAthletic Bilbao
2026-06-05€7.5MAthletic Bilbao

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.305

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

LaLiga509 players · median €4M

Valued above 67% of the 509 LaLiga players.

€100k€1M€10M€100M€7.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 78% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€7.5MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Paredes appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).