FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Lucas

Bergström

GKFinland · RCD Mallorca

№ 490606Emerging €1.1M +0.27

Player dossierLaLiga

LucasBergström

GKGoalkeeperGoalkeeper

Club
RCD Mallorca
League
LaLiga
Nationality
Finland
Age
23
Height
205 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
5 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Bergström at €1.4M. Model A, which never saw Bergström during training, estimates €1.1M: the market value is 31% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.31. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €626k, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.27A €1.1M▲ +0.81B €626k
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
7
Minutes
630
Started
7/7
Min / app
90
Cards
1Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Bergström…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €1.4M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €1.4MModel A €1.1M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 485 goalkeepers

Lucas Bergström's percentiles among goalkeepers: Minutes, two years 8th, Starts 62nd, Minutes, last 365 days 26th, European club minutes 32nd8thMinutes62ndStarts26thRecent32ndEurope

Dashed ring: the goalkeeper median (50th percentile)

Starts

Share of appearances started rather than entered from the bench.

100% this player100% goalkeeper median62nd percentile

70%peer deciles · median line · this player ●100%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€250k
Jul 2022
Peak
€1.5M
Dec 2025
Model target
€1.4M
Jun 2026
Valuations
8
4 club changes
Jun 2026€1.4MRCD MallorcaValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €1.4M, RCD Mallorca. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2022-07-29€250kPeterborough United
2023-10-09€500kChelsea FC
2023-12-19€800kChelsea FC
2024-06-13€700kIF Brommapojkarna
2024-12-16€700kChelsea FC
2025-05-30€700kChelsea FC
2025-12-12€1.5MRCD Mallorca
2026-06-05€1.4MRCD Mallorca

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.273

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

LaLiga509 players · median €4M

Valued above 18% of the 509 LaLiga players.

€100k€1M€10M€100M€1.4MSee them in the Explorer →

Goalkeepers, all leagues485 players · median €1M

Valued above 54% of the 485 goalkeepers.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€1.4MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Bergström appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).