FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Portrait of Amadou Onana

Amadou

Onana

DMBelgium · Aston Villa

№ 485706World Class €45.3M −0.01

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierPremier League

AmadouOnana

DMDefensive MidfieldMidfield

Club
Aston Villa
League
Premier League
Nationality
Belgium
Age
24
Height
195 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
3 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Onana at €45M. Model A, which never saw Onana during training, estimates €45.3M: the market value is 1% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.01. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €24.4M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.01A €45.3M▲ +0.61B €24.4M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
70
Minutes
4,593
Goals
7
Assists
0
Started
56/70
Min / app
66
Cards
8Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Onana…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €45M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €45MModel A €45.3M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Amadou Onana's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 68th, Assists per 90 8th, Minutes, two years 82nd, Starts 70th, Minutes, last 365 days 83rd, European club minutes 88th68thGoals8thAssists82ndMinutes70thStarts83rdRecent88thEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

22% this player0% midfielder median88th percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●85%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€400k
Jul 2020
Peak
€55M
Oct 2024
Model target
€45M
Jun 2026
Valuations
22
3 club changes
Jun 2026€45MAston VillaValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €45M, Aston Villa. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2020-07-15€400kHamburger SV
2020-11-18€1.5MHamburger SV
2021-02-08€1.5MHamburger SV
2021-06-16€3MHamburger SV
2021-10-08€6MLOSC Lille
2021-12-16€8MLOSC Lille
2022-03-23€10MLOSC Lille
2022-05-30€10MLOSC Lille
2022-09-15€30MEverton FC
2022-11-03€35MEverton FC
2023-03-16€42MEverton FC
2023-06-20€45MEverton FC
2023-10-09€50MEverton FC
2023-12-19€50MEverton FC
2024-05-27€50MEverton FC
2024-10-01€55MAston Villa
2024-12-16€55MAston Villa
2025-05-30€50MAston Villa
2025-10-17€42MAston Villa
2025-12-09€42MAston Villa
2026-03-09€45MAston Villa
2026-06-03€45MAston Villa

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.006

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premier League555 players · median €18M

Valued above 86% of the 555 Premier League players.

€150k€1M€7.5M€50M€45MSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 97% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€45MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Onana appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).