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André

Ayew

CFGhana · NAC Breda

№ 45403Emerging €98k +0.93

Player dossierEredivisie

AndréAyew

CFCentre-ForwardAttack

Club
NAC Breda
League
Eredivisie
Nationality
Ghana
Age
36
Height
175 cm
Foot
Left
Valued
28 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Ayew at €250k. Model A, which never saw Ayew during training, estimates €98k: the market value is 154% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×2.54. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €127k, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.93A €98k▲ +0.68B €127k
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
44
Minutes
2,332
Goals
5
Assists
1
Started
23/44
Min / app
53
Cards
3Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Ayew…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €250k

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €250kModel A €98k

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

André Ayew's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 34th, Assists per 90 13th, Minutes, two years 52nd, Starts 39th, Minutes, last 365 days 32nd, European club minutes 28th34thGoals13thAssists52ndMinutes39thStarts32ndRecent28thEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

Minutes, two years

Total club minutes in the two-year window: how much the player was used.

2,332 this player2,242 attacker median52nd percentile

450peer deciles · median line · this player ●8,788

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€400k
Oct 2007
Peak
€18M
Aug 2016
Model target
€250k
May 2026
Valuations
51
14 club changes
May 2026€250kNAC BredaValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €250k, NAC Breda. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2007-10-26€400kOlympique Marseille
2007-11-19€650kOlympique Marseille
2007-12-27€850kOlympique Marseille
2008-05-05€1MOlympique Marseille
2008-12-30€1.1MFC Lorient
2009-05-18€1.2MFC Lorient
2009-09-04€800kAC Arles-Avignon
2009-12-13€600kAC Arles-Avignon
2010-02-01€1MAC Arles-Avignon
2010-07-16€3MOlympique Marseille
2010-12-28€5.5MOlympique Marseille
2011-05-24€8.5MOlympique Marseille
2011-05-30€10MOlympique Marseille
2011-12-24€13.8MOlympique Marseille
2012-02-02€14MOlympique Marseille
2012-05-23€15MOlympique Marseille
2013-01-07€15MOlympique Marseille
2013-05-30€14MOlympique Marseille
2014-01-14€12MOlympique Marseille
2014-08-07€12.5MOlympique Marseille
2015-01-14€12MOlympique Marseille
2015-06-06€13MOlympique Marseille
2015-10-14€13MSwansea City
2016-02-09€15MSwansea City
2016-08-01€18MSwansea City
2017-02-20€18MWest Ham United
2017-06-28€18MWest Ham United
2018-01-02€18MWest Ham United
2018-05-28€15MSwansea City
2018-10-11€14MFenerbahce
2019-01-04€9MFenerbahce
2019-06-04€6MFenerbahce
2020-02-27€6MSwansea City
2020-04-08€4.8MSwansea City
2020-10-15€4MSwansea City
2021-03-10€4MSwansea City
2021-06-30€3.5MSwansea City
2021-08-13€3MAl-Sadd SC
2021-12-31€2.5MAl-Sadd SC
2022-05-25€2.5MAl-Sadd SC
2022-11-10€2.2MAl-Sadd SC
2023-06-20€1.8MNottingham Forest
2023-10-25€1.2MWithout Club
2023-12-18€1.2MLe Havre AC
2024-06-03€1MLe Havre AC
2024-10-07€800kLe Havre AC
2024-12-10€700kLe Havre AC
2025-06-03€600kLe Havre AC
2025-10-21€400kWithout Club
2026-03-11€300kNAC Breda
2026-05-28€250kNAC Breda

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
non-UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.932

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Eredivisie425 players · median €1M

Valued above 5% of the 425 Eredivisie players.

€75k€500k€3M€20M€250kSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 6% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€250kSee them in the Explorer →

Where Ayew appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).