FairValue

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  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
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  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

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Portrait of Raphinha

Raphinha

LWBrazil · FC Barcelona

№ 411295World Class €74.2M −0.06

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierLaLiga

Raphinha

LWLeft WingerAttack

Club
FC Barcelona
League
LaLiga
Nationality
Brazil
Age
29
Height
176 cm
Foot
Left
Valued
5 Jun 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Raphinha at €70M. Model A, which never saw Raphinha during training, estimates €74.2M: the market value is 6% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.06. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €39.5M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.06A €74.2M▲ +0.57B €39.5M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
90
Minutes
6,855
Goals
55
Assists
34
Started
80/90
Min / app
76
Cards
12Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Raphinha…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €70M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €70MModel A €74.2M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

Raphinha's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 98th, Assists per 90 99th, Minutes, two years 99th, Starts 93rd, Minutes, last 365 days 79th, European club minutes 91st98thGoals99thAssists99thMinutes93rdStarts79thRecent91stEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.45 this player0.15 attacker median99th percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.73

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€250k
Mar 2016
Peak
€90M
Jun 2025
Model target
€70M
Jun 2026
Valuations
30
5 club changes
Jun 2026€70MFC BarcelonaValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Jun 2026: €70M, FC Barcelona. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2016-03-14€250kVitória Guimarães SC B
2016-10-31€1MVitória Guimarães SC
2017-02-22€2MVitória Guimarães SC
2017-06-26€2MVitória Guimarães SC
2017-11-06€4MVitória Guimarães SC
2018-02-07€6MVitória Guimarães SC
2018-06-13€6.5MVitória Guimarães SC
2019-01-11€6.5MSporting CP
2019-06-07€8MSporting CP
2019-09-27€14MStade Rennais FC
2019-12-19€17MStade Rennais FC
2020-03-13€20MStade Rennais FC
2020-04-08€16MStade Rennais FC
2020-10-13€18MLeeds United
2021-03-18€25MLeeds United
2021-06-08€30MLeeds United
2021-10-05€32MLeeds United
2021-12-23€40MLeeds United
2022-03-29€45MLeeds United
2022-06-15€45MLeeds United
2022-09-23€50MFC Barcelona
2022-11-07€50MFC Barcelona
2023-06-13€60MFC Barcelona
2023-12-22€50MFC Barcelona
2024-06-07€50MFC Barcelona
2024-10-11€60MFC Barcelona
2024-12-27€80MFC Barcelona
2025-06-09€90MFC Barcelona
2025-12-12€80MFC Barcelona
2026-06-05€70MFC Barcelona

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
non-UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.058

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

LaLiga509 players · median €4M

Valued above 98% of the 509 LaLiga players.

€100k€1M€10M€100M€70MSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 98% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€70MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Raphinha appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).