FairValue

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Andriy

Kulakov

CFUkraine · FC Oleksandriya

№ 404848Emerging €392k +0.02

Player dossierPremier Liha

AndriyKulakov

CFCentre-ForwardAttack

Club
FC Oleksandriya
League
Premier Liha
Nationality
Ukraine
Age
26
Height
184 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
18 Dec 2025

Reading the valuation

The market values Kulakov at €400k. Model A, which never saw Kulakov during training, estimates €392k: the market value is 2% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.02. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.3M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.02A €392k▼ −1.16B €1.3M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
46
Minutes
1,895
Goals
1
Assists
2
Started
20/46
Min / app
41
Cards
5Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Kulakov…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €400k

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €400kModel A €392k

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

Andriy Kulakov's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 8th, Assists per 90 29th, Minutes, two years 42nd, Starts 25th, Minutes, last 365 days 33rd, European club minutes 61st8thGoals29thAssists42ndMinutes25thStarts33rdRecent61stEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

3% this player0% attacker median61st percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●100%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€100k
Jan 2020
Peak
€600k
Sept 2021
Model target
€400k
Dec 2025
Valuations
14
3 club changes
Dec 2025€400kFC OleksandriyaValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Dec 2025: €400k, FC Oleksandriya. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2020-01-08€100kFC Mariupol
2020-09-04€200kFC Mariupol
2021-01-14€300kFC Mariupol
2021-06-07€400kFC Mariupol
2021-09-03€600kFC Mariupol
2021-12-20€600kFC Mariupol
2022-06-09€500kTuzlaspor
2022-12-06€400kShakhtar Donetsk
2023-06-21€400kFC Oleksandriya
2023-12-11€300kFC Oleksandriya
2024-06-06€500kFC Oleksandriya
2024-12-17€400kFC Oleksandriya
2025-06-10€400kFC Oleksandriya
2025-12-18€400kFC Oleksandriya

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.021

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Premier Liha414 players · median €400k

Valued above 40% of the 414 Premier Liha players.

€50k€200k€1M€5M€400kSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 11% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€400kSee them in the Explorer →

Where Kulakov appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).