FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Dominik

Kotarski

GKCroatia · FC Copenhagen

№ 370997Established €7.8M −0.44

Player dossierSuperliga

DominikKotarski

GKGoalkeeperGoalkeeper

Club
FC Copenhagen
League
Superliga
Nationality
Croatia
Age
26
Height
190 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
25 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Kotarski at €5M. Model A, which never saw Kotarski during training, estimates €7.8M: the market value is 36% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.56. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €17.2M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.44A €7.8M▼ −1.24B €17.2M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
81
Minutes
7,350
Started
81/81
Min / app
91
Cards
3Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Kotarski…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €5M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €5MModel A €7.8M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 485 goalkeepers

Dominik Kotarski's percentiles among goalkeepers: Minutes, two years 96th, Starts 62nd, Minutes, last 365 days 94th, European club minutes 98th96thMinutes62ndStarts94thRecent98thEurope

Dashed ring: the goalkeeper median (50th percentile)

European club minutes

Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.

37% this player0% goalkeeper median98th percentile

0%peer deciles · median line · this player ●86%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€200k
Mar 2018
Peak
€9M
May 2025
Model target
€5M
May 2026
Valuations
25
4 club changes
May 2026€5MFC CopenhagenValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €5M, FC Copenhagen. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2018-03-01€200kAjax Amsterdam U21
2018-06-29€250kAjax Amsterdam U21
2019-01-21€250kAjax Amsterdam U21
2019-07-03€500kAjax Amsterdam
2019-12-18€1MAjax Amsterdam
2020-01-17€1.5MAjax Amsterdam
2020-04-08€1.3MAjax Amsterdam
2020-06-29€1.3MAjax Amsterdam
2020-10-14€1.3MAjax Amsterdam
2020-12-31€1MAjax Amsterdam
2021-03-16€800kAjax Amsterdam
2021-05-19€800kAjax Amsterdam
2021-12-30€1MHNK Gorica
2022-03-22€1.2MHNK Gorica
2022-06-06€1.5MHNK Gorica
2022-11-07€2MPAOK Thessaloniki
2023-05-22€2.5MPAOK Thessaloniki
2023-09-21€3MPAOK Thessaloniki
2023-12-20€4MPAOK Thessaloniki
2024-05-30€5MPAOK Thessaloniki
2024-09-26€7MPAOK Thessaloniki
2024-12-18€8MPAOK Thessaloniki
2025-05-23€9MPAOK Thessaloniki
2025-12-15€6MFC Copenhagen
2026-05-25€5MFC Copenhagen

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.445

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Superliga256 players · median €800k

Valued above 93% of the 256 Superliga players.

€20k€150k€1M€7.5M€5MSee them in the Explorer →

Goalkeepers, all leagues485 players · median €1M

Valued above 79% of the 485 goalkeepers.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€5MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Kotarski appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).