FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Jaume

Grau

CMSpain · Avs Futebol

№ 340864Emerging €773k −0.10

Player dossierLiga Portugal

JaumeGrau

CMCentral MidfieldMidfield

Club
Avs Futebol
League
Liga Portugal
Nationality
Spain
Age
28
Height
184 cm
Foot
Left
Valued
18 Dec 2025

Reading the valuation

The market values Grau at €700k. Model A, which never saw Grau during training, estimates €773k: the market value is 9% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.10. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €2.1M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.10A €773k▼ −1.09B €2.1M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
42
Minutes
3,237
Goals
2
Assists
2
Started
38/42
Min / app
77
Cards
16Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Grau…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €700k

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €700kModel A €773k

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders

Jaume Grau's percentiles among midfielders: Goals per 90 37th, Assists per 90 31st, Minutes, two years 61st, Starts 87th, Minutes, last 365 days 81st, European club minutes 30th37thGoals31stAssists61stMinutes87thStarts81stRecent30thEurope

Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)

Starts

Share of appearances started rather than entered from the bench.

90% this player69% midfielder median87th percentile

7%peer deciles · median line · this player ●100%

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€200k
Aug 2016
Peak
€800k
May 2021
Model target
€700k
Dec 2025
Valuations
20
6 club changes
Dec 2025€700kAvs FutebolValuation the model is trained to reproduce

Dec 2025: €700k, Avs Futebol. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2016-08-01€200kCDA Navalcarnero
2017-02-02€150kCDA Navalcarnero
2017-06-30€150kReal Madrid Castilla
2018-01-01€250kReal Madrid Castilla
2018-05-30€300kReal Madrid Castilla
2019-02-19€300kReal Madrid Castilla
2019-06-29€300kReal Madrid Castilla
2019-12-20€300kCD Lugo
2020-10-22€300kCD Tondela
2021-01-28€400kCD Tondela
2021-05-21€800kCD Tondela
2021-12-30€800kCA Osasuna
2022-06-29€800kReal Zaragoza
2022-12-29€700kReal Zaragoza
2023-06-14€700kReal Zaragoza
2023-12-20€700kReal Zaragoza
2024-06-24€700kReal Zaragoza
2024-12-19€700kAvs Futebol
2025-05-30€700kAvs Futebol
2025-12-18€700kAvs Futebol

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.099

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Liga Portugal423 players · median €1M

Valued above 33% of the 423 Liga Portugal players.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€700kSee them in the Explorer →

Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M

Valued above 23% of the 1,687 midfielders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€700kSee them in the Explorer →

Where Grau appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).