FairValue

Checking model

Esc

  • EnvironmentOverviewWhat FairValue measures, what it found, where to go next.
  • EnvironmentTerminalExplore, compare and track players; market, league and model views.
  • EnvironmentStoriesValuations, head-to-heads and research findings, told as stories.
  • TerminalPlayer ExplorerSearch, filter and sort the player export.
  • TerminalComparison StudioTwo to four players on one scale.
  • TerminalWatchlistsNamed collections, kept in this browser.
  • TerminalMarket LandscapeHow observed value is distributed, and where the model drifts.

↑ ↓ to move · Enter to open · Esc to closeLoading player index…

Portrait of Serge Gnabry

Serge

Gnabry

SSGermany · Bayern Munich

№ 159471Elite €17M +0.05

Image: FootyLogos

Player dossierBundesliga

SergeGnabry

SSSecond StrikerAttack

Club
Bayern Munich
League
Bundesliga
Nationality
Germany
Age
30
Height
176 cm
Foot
Right
Valued
27 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Gnabry at €18M. Model A, which never saw Gnabry during training, estimates €17M: the market value is 6% above that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.06. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €10M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▲ +0.05A €17M▲ +0.59B €10M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
84
Minutes
4,273
Goals
17
Assists
20
Started
49/84
Min / app
51
Cards
3Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Gnabry…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €18M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €18MModel A €17M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers

Serge Gnabry's percentiles among attackers: Goals per 90 69th, Assists per 90 98th, Minutes, two years 84th, Starts 49th, Minutes, last 365 days 82nd, European club minutes 96th69thGoals98thAssists84thMinutes49thStarts82ndRecent96thEurope

Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.42 this player0.15 attacker median98th percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.73

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€500k
Jul 2013
Peak
€90M
Mar 2020
Model target
€18M
May 2026
Valuations
36
3 club changes
May 2026€18MBayern MunichValuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €18M, Bayern Munich. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2013-07-25€500kArsenal FC
2013-10-11€2MArsenal FC
2014-01-15€4MArsenal FC
2014-08-12€4MArsenal FC
2015-02-12€4MArsenal FC
2015-07-01€3.5MArsenal FC
2016-02-09€3MArsenal FC
2016-08-01€2.5MArsenal FC
2016-10-13€5MSV Werder Bremen
2017-02-07€10MSV Werder Bremen
2017-06-19€15MSV Werder Bremen
2017-12-28€15MTSG 1899 Hoffenheim
2018-04-04€18MTSG 1899 Hoffenheim
2018-06-05€20MTSG 1899 Hoffenheim
2018-08-22€30MBayern Munich
2018-12-18€40MBayern Munich
2019-03-06€45MBayern Munich
2019-06-05€60MBayern Munich
2019-12-17€80MBayern Munich
2020-03-11€90MBayern Munich
2020-04-08€72MBayern Munich
2020-09-16€90MBayern Munich
2021-02-10€70MBayern Munich
2021-06-01€70MBayern Munich
2021-12-22€70MBayern Munich
2022-06-09€65MBayern Munich
2022-11-09€65MBayern Munich
2023-03-29€55MBayern Munich
2023-06-22€55MBayern Munich
2023-12-14€45MBayern Munich
2024-05-29€40MBayern Munich
2024-12-20€35MBayern Munich
2025-03-27€25MBayern Munich
2025-06-05€22MBayern Munich
2025-12-19€20MBayern Munich
2026-05-27€18MBayern Munich

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
+0.054

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Bundesliga451 players · median €5M

Valued above 80% of the 451 Bundesliga players.

€300k€2M€15M€100M€18MSee them in the Explorer →

Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M

Valued above 85% of the 1,583 attackers.

€20k€300k€5M€75M€18MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Gnabry appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).