FairValue

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Charalampos

Lykogiannis

LBGreece · Bologna FC 1909

№ 136514Emerging €1.9M −0.44

Player dossierSerie A

CharalamposLykogiannis

LBLeft-BackDefender

Club
Bologna FC 1909
League
Serie A
Nationality
Greece
Age
32
Height
191 cm
Foot
Left
Valued
29 May 2026

Reading the valuation

The market values Lykogiannis at €1.2M. Model A, which never saw Lykogiannis during training, estimates €1.9M: the market value is 36% below that estimate.

That is a factor of ×1.55. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is larger than its usual error.

Without league and club, Model B estimates €1.2M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).

A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.

▼ −0.44A €1.9M▼ −0.01B €1.2M
Pitch length is a log value scale fitted to this player's figures. ● observed · ◇ Model A · dashed ◇ Model B · each arc is a residual, log(observed) − log(estimate).
Apps
43
Minutes
2,782
Goals
0
Assists
8
Started
32/43
Min / app
65
Cards
9Y 0R

Club matches, two years to the valuation date

The Valuation Journey

What moves Model A

Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Lykogiannis…

SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.

Model A vs Model B against the observed €1.2M

Checking API
EmergingEstablishedEliteWorld Class€2M€10M€30M€100k€1M€100MMarket €1.2MModel A €1.9M

Asking the prediction API…

Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).

Player traitspercentiles vs 2,065 defenders

Charalampos Lykogiannis's percentiles among defenders: Goals per 90 18th, Assists per 90 98th, Minutes, two years 49th, Starts 34th, Minutes, last 365 days 31st, European club minutes 92nd18thGoals98thAssists49thMinutes34thStarts31stRecent92ndEurope

Dashed ring: the defender median (50th percentile)

Assists per 90

Club assists per 90 minutes in the same window.

0.26 this player0.04 defender median98th percentile

0.00peer deciles · median line · this player ●0.58

No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.

Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record

First valuation
€250k
Jul 2012
Peak
€2.5M
Jun 2021
Model target
€1.2M
May 2026
Valuations
33
5 club changes
May 2026€1.2MBologna FC 1909Valuation the model is trained to reproduce

May 2026: €1.2M, Bologna FC 1909. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.

Show as a table
DateMarket valueClub
2012-07-12€250kOlympiacos Piraeus
2012-08-26€250kOlympiacos Piraeus
2012-09-21€400kOlympiacos Piraeus
2013-02-10€400kOlympiacos Piraeus
2013-12-02€500kLevadiakos
2014-03-28€500kLevadiakos
2014-11-11€600kErgotelis FC
2015-05-10€600kErgotelis FC
2015-12-29€600kSK Sturm Graz
2016-06-01€800kSK Sturm Graz
2016-12-22€1.3MSK Sturm Graz
2017-06-02€1.8MSK Sturm Graz
2017-10-11€2MSK Sturm Graz
2018-01-02€2MSK Sturm Graz
2018-06-07€2MCagliari Calcio
2018-12-20€2MCagliari Calcio
2019-06-06€1.5MCagliari Calcio
2019-12-12€1.5MCagliari Calcio
2020-04-08€1.2MCagliari Calcio
2020-08-25€1.4MCagliari Calcio
2020-12-29€2MCagliari Calcio
2021-06-03€2.5MCagliari Calcio
2021-12-28€2.5MCagliari Calcio
2022-06-07€2.2MCagliari Calcio
2022-11-11€1.5MBologna FC 1909
2023-06-15€1MBologna FC 1909
2023-12-20€1MBologna FC 1909
2024-06-05€1MBologna FC 1909
2024-12-18€1MBologna FC 1909
2025-03-25€1.5MBologna FC 1909
2025-06-17€1.5MBologna FC 1909
2025-12-23€1.5MBologna FC 1909
2026-05-29€1.2MBologna FC 1909

Audit context group-level, not about this player

Audit group
UEFA
Population gap, Model A
+0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
This player, market vs held-out A
−0.441

The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit

In context observed value among comparable players in this build

All players in the Terminal →

Serie A507 players · median €5.5M

Valued above 11% of the 507 Serie A players.

€100k€750k€5M€30M€1.2MSee them in the Explorer →

Defenders, all leagues2,065 players · median €2M

Valued above 39% of the 2,065 defenders.

€20k€200k€2M€20M€1.2MSee them in the Explorer →

Where Lykogiannis appears

Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.

Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position

Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).