Rani
Khedira
DMTunisia · 1.FC Union Berlin
Image: FootyLogos
Player dossierBundesliga
RaniKhedira
DMDefensive MidfieldMidfield
- Club
- 1.FC Union Berlin
- League
- Bundesliga
- Nationality
- Tunisia
- Age
- 32
- Height
- 188 cm
- Foot
- Right
- Valued
- 27 May 2026
BundesligaReading the valuation
The market values Khedira at €2M. Model A, which never saw Khedira during training, estimates €2.8M: the market value is 29% below that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.40. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €2.6M, closer to the market here, although it is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07).
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 69
- Minutes
- 6,042
- Goals
- 6
- Assists
- 3
- Started
- 68/69
- Min / app
- 88
- Cards
- 14Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Khedira…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €2M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 1,687 midfielders
Dashed ring: the midfielder median (50th percentile)
Starts
Share of appearances started rather than entered from the bench.
99% this player69% midfielder median98th percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €100k
- Feb 2012
- Peak
- €10M
- Jun 2019
- Model target
- €2M
- May 2026
- Valuations
- 31
- 4 club changes
May 2026: €2M, 1.FC Union Berlin. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2012-02-02 | €100k | VfB Stuttgart U19 |
| 2012-03-05 | €300k | VfB Stuttgart U19 |
| 2013-01-13 | €300k | VfB Stuttgart |
| 2013-06-30 | €300k | VfB Stuttgart |
| 2014-02-12 | €750k | VfB Stuttgart |
| 2014-07-06 | €900k | RB Leipzig |
| 2015-01-13 | €1.3M | RB Leipzig |
| 2015-07-01 | €1.3M | RB Leipzig |
| 2016-02-11 | €900k | RB Leipzig |
| 2016-07-22 | €900k | RB Leipzig |
| 2017-02-07 | €750k | RB Leipzig |
| 2017-06-19 | €750k | RB Leipzig |
| 2017-10-18 | €1.5M | FC Augsburg |
| 2017-12-28 | €2.5M | FC Augsburg |
| 2018-06-05 | €3.5M | FC Augsburg |
| 2018-12-18 | €6M | FC Augsburg |
| 2019-06-05 | €10M | FC Augsburg |
| 2019-12-17 | €10M | FC Augsburg |
| 2020-04-08 | €8M | FC Augsburg |
| 2021-02-10 | €6M | FC Augsburg |
| 2021-06-09 | €5M | FC Augsburg |
| 2021-12-22 | €5.5M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2022-06-09 | €6M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2022-11-09 | €8M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2023-06-22 | €10M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2023-12-14 | €8M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2024-05-29 | €5M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2024-12-20 | €3M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2025-06-05 | €2.5M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2025-12-19 | €2M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
| 2026-05-27 | €2M | 1.FC Union Berlin |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- non-UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- −0.336
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Bundesliga451 players · median €5M
Valued above 19% of the 451 Bundesliga players.
See them in the Explorer →Midfielders, all leagues1,687 players · median €2M
Valued above 46% of the 1,687 midfielders.
See them in the Explorer →Where Khedira appears
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- GünterLBSC Freiburg · Bundesliga€2M
- RönnowGK1.FC Union Berlin · Bundesliga€2M
- KohrCB1.FSV Mainz 05 · Bundesliga€2M
- HabererCM1.FC Union Berlin · Bundesliga€2M
- GündoğanCMGalatasaray · midfielders€2M
- GudeljDMSevilla FC · midfielders€2M
- HazardAMRSC Anderlecht · midfielders€2M
- McGregorDMCeltic FC · midfielders€2M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).