Charalampos
Kostoulas
CFGreece · Brighton & Hove Albion
Player dossierPremier League
CharalamposKostoulas
CFCentre-ForwardAttack
- Club
- Brighton & Hove Albion
- League
- Premier League
- Nationality
- Greece
- Age
- 19
- Height
- 185 cm
- Foot
- Right
- Valued
- 3 Jun 2026
Premier LeagueReading the valuation
The market values Kostoulas at €25M. Model A, which never saw Kostoulas during training, estimates €27.8M: the market value is 10% below that estimate.
That is a factor of ×1.11. Model A's typical held-out miss is ×1.50 either way, so this gap is within its usual error.
Without league and club, Model B estimates €32.2M, further from the market. Model B is usually further off (typical miss ×2.07): league and club explain much of how the market prices players.
A gap describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what the player is worth.
- Apps
- 60
- Minutes
- 2,398
- Goals
- 8
- Assists
- 3
- Started
- 24/60
- Min / app
- 40
- Cards
- 6Y 0R
Club matches, two years to the valuation date
The Valuation Journey
What moves Model A
Asking the prediction API to explain Model A for Kostoulas…
SHAP describes the model's arithmetic for this player's inputs, not what causes market value. Model B can be explained only by the live service; Model A also has a published explanation for the research players.
Model A vs Model B against the observed €25M
Checking APIAsking the prediction API…
Held-out estimates come from cross-validation, with this player outside the training data: the honest comparison. Served models were refitted on every player, this one included, so they sit closer to the market. Shaded band: Model A's typical miss (×1.50 either way).
Player traitspercentiles vs 1,583 attackers
Dashed ring: the attacker median (50th percentile)
European club minutes
Share of minutes played in UEFA club competitions.
17% this player0% attacker median80th percentile
No passing, progression or defensive actions exist in the dataset, so no trait claims to measure them.
Valuation history every Transfermarkt valuation on record
- First valuation
- €75k
- Jun 2023
- Peak
- €25M
- Oct 2025
- Model target
- €25M
- Jun 2026
- Valuations
- 12
- 3 club changes
Jun 2026: €25M, Brighton & Hove Albion. Dotted lines mark the €2M, €10M and €30M tier boundaries.
Show as a table
| Date | Market value | Club |
|---|---|---|
| 2023-06-19 | €75k | Olympiacos Piraeus U19 |
| 2023-09-21 | €100k | Olympiacos Piraeus B |
| 2023-12-28 | €200k | Olympiacos Piraeus B |
| 2024-03-13 | €400k | Olympiacos Piraeus B |
| 2024-05-23 | €500k | Olympiacos Piraeus B |
| 2024-09-26 | €600k | Olympiacos Piraeus |
| 2024-12-18 | €3M | Olympiacos Piraeus |
| 2025-03-14 | €8M | Olympiacos Piraeus |
| 2025-05-23 | €12M | Olympiacos Piraeus |
| 2025-10-17 | €25M | Brighton & Hove Albion |
| 2025-12-09 | €25M | Brighton & Hove Albion |
| 2026-06-03 | €25M | Brighton & Hove Albion |
Audit context group-level, not about this player
- Audit group
- UEFA
- Population gap, Model A
- +0.093 95% CI +0.063 to +0.124
- This player, market vs held-out A
- −0.107
The group comes from first-listed citizenship and is never a model input. Across the population, non-UEFA players' market values sit about 10% above Model A's held-out estimates, relative to UEFA players in the same leagues. One player's residual says nothing about that pattern (typical miss ×1.50), and none of it is evidence of discrimination: the target may itself be biased. Open the Fairness Audit
In context observed value among comparable players in this build
All players in the Terminal →Premier League555 players · median €18M
Valued above 63% of the 555 Premier League players.
See them in the Explorer →Attackers, all leagues1,583 players · median €2.5M
Valued above 90% of the 1,583 attackers.
See them in the Explorer →Where Kostoulas appears
Watchlists and the comparison tray are kept in this browser only.
Near this valuation closest observed values: same league, then same position
- WilsonRWFulham FC · Premier League€25M
- WatkinsCFAston Villa · Premier League€25M
- KluivertAMAFC Bournemouth · Premier League€25M
- AdamsDMAFC Bournemouth · Premier League€25M
- ScamaccaCFAtalanta BC · attackers€25M
- NkunkuCFAC Milan · attackers€25M
- OkaforLWLeeds United · attackers€25M
- OyarzabalCFReal Sociedad · attackers€25M
Counts and ranks of observed Transfermarkt values only; model errors are never ranked here. Full player export: Every player in the modelling population (D-011).